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Re: [Autoconf] Summary of topologies and addressing discussed recently

HyungJin Lim <dream.hjlim@gmail.com> Tue, 03 March 2009 16:20 UTC

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Date: Wed, 04 Mar 2009 01:20:58 +0900
Message-ID: <7e8d02d40903030820o728288c4l11dc7db8f5d1c02b@mail.gmail.com>
From: HyungJin Lim <dream.hjlim@gmail.com>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <alexandru.petrescu@gmail.com>
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Cc: Autoconf@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Autoconf] Summary of topologies and addressing discussed recently
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Hi, Alex

I think we should identify the impacts from address model we can choice.
for example, whether packet forwarding or packet routing.

The packet routing needs a satisfied route distributed time.
While the packet forwarding needs additional processing time for tunneling.

What do we should choice for proper address model?
I don't think only simplest scenario is important.

Thanks

Hyung-Jin, Lim

2009/3/4 Alexandru Petrescu <alexandru.petrescu@gmail.com>

> Dear AUTOCONFers,
>
> Recently there was discussion on the mailing list about topologies and
> addressing for AUTOCONF.  Some topologies for AUTOCONF were named and
> classified as:
>      -only-MANET
>      -MANET-to-Internet and
>      -MANET-to-MANET-to-Internet (three or more levels)
>      -MANET-to-Internet-to-MANET
>
> Some topologies were pictured in more detail - they're listed below as
> a summary.  Some participants seemed to agree on these topologies or
> on some of their variations.
>
> A simple topology:
>
>        -----  wifi "adhoc1"  ------  wifi "adhoc2"  -----
>       |Host1|---------------|Router|---------------|Host2|
>        ----- LL1         LL2 ------ LL3        LL4  -----
>              G1                                G4
>
>
>       "adhoc1" and "adhoc2": 802.11 ESSIDs in "ad-hoc" mode.
>                              Each is an IPv6 subnet.
>       LL1...4: IPv6 link-local addresses.
>                Self-formed according to rfc2464.
>       G1, G4:  IPv6 global addresses, for example
>                2001:db8:1::1/64 and
>                2001:db8:2::4/64
>                Manually assigned, or pre-configured with SNMP
>                or formed according to stateless autoconf rfc4862;
>                the prefixes are advertised by Router in RAs.
>
>
> A simple topology with Routers:
>
>       -------  wifi "adhoc1"  -------  wifi "adhoc2"  -------
>      |Router1|---------------|Router2|---------------|Router3|
>       ------ LL1          LL2 -------LL3          LL4 -------
>              G1                                    G4
>
>      G1, G4: ?
>
>
> More details on the simple topology with Routers, /64 prefixes and
> /128 addresses:
>
>        -----  wifi "adhoc1"  ------  wifi "adhoc2"  -----
>       |Host1|---------------|Router|---------------|Host2|
>        ----- LL1    P1   LL2 ------ LL3   P2   LL4  -----
>              G1                                G4
>
>       G1, G4:  IPv6 global addresses, for example
>                2001:db8:1::1/128 and
>                2001:db8:2::4/128
>                Manually assigned, or pre-configured with SNMP
>                or formed according to stateless autoconf rfc4862;
>                the prefixes are advertised by Router in RAs.
>       P1, P2:  IPv6 global prefixes, for example
>                2001:db8:1::/64 and
>                2001:db8:2::/64
>                Manually assigned, or pre-configured with SNMP.
>
> Connecting it to Internet:
>
>   -----  wifi "adhoc1"  ------  wifi "adhoc2"  --------     /
>  |Host1|---------------|Router|---------------|Gatewway|---| Internet
>   ----- LL1         LL2 ------ LL3        LL4  --------     \
>         G1                                G4
>
>
>       "adhoc1" and "adhoc2": 802.11 ESSIDs in "ad-hoc" mode.
>                              Each is an IPv6 subnet.
>       LL1...4: IPv6 link-local addresses.
>                Self-formed according to rfc2464.
>       G1, G4: ?
>
>
> Connecting it to Internet via a Satellite link:
>
>  ------  wifi "adhoc1"  ------  wifi "adhoc2"  -------- Satelite /
> |NEMOMR|---------------|Router|---------------|Gatewway|--------Int'net
>  ------ LL1         LL2 ------ LL3        LL4  --------  TCA1    \
>        G1                                 G4
>
>       LL1...4: IPv6 link-local addresses.
>                Self-formed according to rfc2464.
>       G1: address formed by NEMOMR either from RA sent by Router, or
>           by DHCPv6 considering Router is a DHCPRelay and Gateway is
>           a DHCPServer.
>       G4: ?
>       TCA: Topologically-Correct Address, for Gateway.  It can be
>            manually configured on Gateway, or DHCP, or stateless
>            autoconf.
>
>
>
> In the multi-hop network below only /64 prefixes are present in
> Routers' routing tables, no /128 (host-based) routes:
>
>
>  -----  wifi "adhoc1"  ------  wifi "adhoc2"  ------- "adhoc3"-----
>  |Host1|---------------|Router|---------------|Router2|-------|Host2|
>  ----- LL1    P1   LL2 ------ LL3   P2   LL4  -------LL5 P3  LL6---
>        G1                                                    G4
>
>          P1, P2, P3: /64 prefixes, such as:
>                      2001:db8:1::/64
>                      2001:db8:2::/64 and
>                      2001:db8:3::/64
>
>
> Breaking the connectivity:
>
>  -------  wifi "adhoc1"  -----   ????   -----  "adhoc2" --------
>  |Router1|---------------|Host1|--/  /--|Host2|---------|Router2|
>  ------- LL2    P1     LL1 ---          ----LL6   P2  LL6------
>                        G1                   G4
>
> Adding more interfaces of different types:
>
> Router1 and Router2 are out of range. So R1 <--> H2 and H1 <--> R2.
> Host1 MUST communicate to Host2, this is critical (live or dead).
>
>    +-------+ wifi "adhoc1" +-------+ wifi "adhoc2" +-------+
>    |Router1|>-------------<|Router2|>-------------<|Router3|
>    +---L---+ LL1      LL21 +---L---+ LL22      LL3 +---L---+
>        |M1                     |M2                     |M3
>
>    "adhoc1" and "adhoc2": 802.11 SSIDs in "IBSS" mode.
>    Each IBSS is an IPv6 subnet.
>
>    L: Loopback interface.
>
>    >, <: MANET interface.
>
>    LL1, LL21, LL22, LL3: IPv6 link-local addresses.
>       Self-formed according to rfc2464.
>
>    M1, M2, M3: IPv6 MANET local addresses, for example
>       FD01:db8::1/128, FD01:db8::2/128 and FD01:db8::3/128.
>       Manually assigned, or pre-configured (e.g. with SNMP)
>       or formed according to a to be defined [Autoconf for MANETs]
>       protocol, with a to-be-defined prefix (e.g. ULA, RFC4193).
>
>
> Again connecting to the Internet, this time via an Access Router:
>
>                            Internet
>                                |
>                                |
>                        +-------+-------+
>                        | Access Router |
>                        +-------+-------+
>                                |
>                                | | Prefix information
>                                | V
>                                |
>    +-------+ wifi "adhoc1" +---+---+ wifi "adhoc2" +-------+
>    |Router1|>-------------<|Router2|>-------------<|Router3|
>    +---L---+ LL1      LL21 +---L---+ LL22      LL3 +---L---+
>        |M1                     |M2                     |M3
>        |G1                     |G2                     |G3
>                   <-------           ------->
>         Prefix information           Prefix information
>
>
>    G1, G2, G3: IPv6 globally unique addresses, for example
>       2001:db8:G:1/128, 2001:db8:G:2/128 and 2001:db8:G:3/128.
>       Formed according to a to be defined [Autoconf for MANETs]
>       protocol, with the prefix provided by (via) the Access Router.
>
>
> Adding Multi-homing:
>
>     ---+-------Internet--------+---
>        |                       |
>        |                       |
> +-------+-------+       +-------+-------+
> |Access Router H|       |Access Router G|
> +-------+-------+       +-------+-------+
>        |                       |
>        ||Prefix information H  | |Prefix information G
>        |V                      | V
>        |                       |
>    +---+---+ wifi "adhoc1" +---+---+ wifi "adhoc2" +-------+
>    |Router1|>-------------<|Router2|>-------------<|Router3|
>    +---L---+ LL1      LL21 +---L---+ LL22      LL3 +---L---+
>        |M1                     |M2                     |M3
>        |G1                     |G2                     |G3
>        |H1                     |H2                     |H3
>                   <-------           ------->
>       Prefix information G         Prefix information G, H
>              --------->
>              Prefix information H
>
>    H1, H2, H3: IPv6 globally unique addresses, for example
>       2001:db8:H:1/128, 2001:db8:H:2/128 and 2001:db8:H:3/128.
>       Formed according to a to be defined [Autoconf for MANETs]
>       protocol, with the prefix provided by (via) Access Router H.
>
>
> Effect of some links disappearing:
>
>
>     ---+-------Internet------
>        |
>        |
> +-------+-------+
> |Access Router H|
> +-------+-------+
>        |
>        ||Prefix information H
>        |V                     wifi "adhoc1"
>        |                   <---------------------------v-------->
>  <------|--v---------------------->                     |
>        |<-|--------------------v-----------------------|--->
>        |  |                    |                       |
>    +---+--'+               +---'---+               +---'---+
>    |Router1|>-------------<|Router2|>-------------<|Router4|
>    +---L---+ LL1      LL21 +---L---+ LL22      LL4 +---L---+
>        |M1                     |M2                     |M4
>        |H1                     |H2                     |H4
>
>              --------->               --------->
>              Prefix information H     Prefix information H
>
>
> No computer movement, but obstacle mouvement:
>
> (802.11 term: STA is station)
>
>          +------------------------+   +------------------------+
>          |                        |   |                        |
>          |           ____STA-B    |   |           ____STA-B    |
>          |       ___/      |      |   |       ___/             |
>          |  STA-A          |      |   |  STA-A      OBSTACLE   |
>          |      '--_       |      |   |      '--_              |
>          |          '----STA-C    |   |          '----STA-C    |
>          |  OBSTACLE              |   |                        |
>          +------------------------+   +------------------------+
>               1-1: No hindrance            1-2: B-C blocked
>
>          +------------------------+   +------------------------+
>          |                        |   |          O             |
>          |           ____STA-B    |   |          B    STA-B    |
>          |       ___/      |      |   |          S      |      |
>          |  STA-A      OB  |      |   |  STA-A   T      |      |
>          |            ST   |      |   |          A      |      |
>          |           AC  STA-C    |   |          C    STA-C    |
>          |         LE             |   |          LE            |
>          +------------------------+   +------------------------+
>               1-3: A-C blocked         1-4: A-B & A-C blocked
>
>                MANET Scenarios with blocking obstacle
>
>
> Compare with this one:
>
> (802.11 term: AP is access point)
>
>          +------------------------+   +------------------------+
>          |                        |   |                        |
>          |           ____STA-B    |   |           ____STA-B    |
>          |       ___/             |   |       ___/             |
>          |   AP-A                 |   |   AP-A      OBSTACLE   |
>          |      '--_              |   |      '--_              |
>          |          '----STA-C    |   |          '----STA-C    |
>          |  OBSTACLE              |   |                        |
>          +------------------------+   +------------------------+
>               4-1: No hindrance            4-2: No hindrance
>
>          +------------------------+   +------------------------+
>          |                        |   |          O             |
>          |           ____STA-B    |   |          B    STA-B    |
>          |       ___/             |   |          S             |
>          |   AP-A      OB         |   |   AP-A   T             |
>          |            ST          |   |          A             |
>          |           AC  STA-C    |   |          C    STA-C    |
>          |         LE             |   |          LE            |
>          +------------------------+   +------------------------+
>           4-3: A-C & B-C blocked         4-4: All blocked
>
>             802.11 BSS L2 topology with blocking obstacle
>
>
> |HAving them pictured, may I ask you: do you think anything will ever be
> |able to communicate through Obstacles?
>
>
> Yes, of course.
>
>
>          +------------------------+   +------------------------+
>          |                        |   |                        |
>          |           ____STA-B    |   |           ____STA-B    |
>          |       ___/ 1    |      |   |       ___/ 1    .      |
>          |  STA-A          | 1    |   |  STA-A    obstacle 5   |
>          |      '--_ 1     |      |   |      '--_ 1     .      |
>          |          '----STA-C    |   |          '----STA-C    |
>          |  obstacle              |   |                        |
>          +------------------------+   +------------------------+
>               2-1: No hindrance            2-2: B-C degraded
>
>          +------------------------+   +------------------------+
>          |                        |   |          o             |
>          |           ____STA-B    |   |       5  b ...STA-B    |
>          |       ___/ 1    |      |   |       ...s.     |      |
>          |  STA-A      ob  | 1    |   |  STA-A  t       | 1    |
>          |       ...  st   |      |   |       ...a.     |      |
>          |       5  .ac..STA-C    |   |       5  c ...STA-C    |
>          |         le             |   |          le            |
>          +------------------------+   +------------------------+
>               2-3: A-C degraded        2-4: A-B & A-C degraded
>
>                Scenarios with degrading obstacle
>
>
> I depicted the metrics: 1 is good, 5 is degraded.
>
> Here the routing tables, with metrics:
>
>      ROUTER   DEST   NEXTHOP METRIC    ROUTER   DEST   NEXTHOP METRIC
>     +-------+-------+-------+------+  +-------+-------+-------+------+
>     |   A   |   B   |   B   |    1 |  |   A   |   B   |   B   |    1 |
>     |       |   C   |   C   |    1 |  |       |   C   |   C   |    1 |
>     +-------+-------+-------+------+  +-------+-------+-------+------+
>     |   B   |   A   |   A   |    1 |  |   B   |   A   |   A   |    1 |
>     |       |   C   |   C   |    1 |  |       |   C   |   C   |    5 |
>     +-------+-------+-------+------+  +-------+-------+-------+------+
>     |   C   |   A   |   A   |    1 |  |   C   |   A   |   A   |    1 |
>     |       |   B   |   B   |    1 |  |       |   B   |   B   |    5 |
>     +-------+-------+-------+------+  +-------+-------+-------+------+
>          11-1: No hindrance                11-2: B-C is degraded
>
>     +-------+-------+-------+------+  +-------+-------+-------+------+
>     |   A   |   B   |   B   |    1 |  |   A   |   B   |   B   |    5 |
>     |       |   C   |   C   |    5 |  |       |   C   |   C   |    5 |
>     +-------+-------+-------+------+  +-------+-------+-------+------+
>     |   B   |   A   |   A   |    1 |  |   B   |   A   |   A   |    5 |
>     |       |   C   |   C   |    1 |  |       |   C   |   C   |    1 |
>     +-------+-------+-------+------+  +-------+-------+-------+------+
>     |   C   |   A   |   A   |    5 |  |   C   |   A   |   A   |    5 |
>     |       |   B   |   B   |    1 |  |       |   B   |   B   |    1 |
>     +-------+-------+-------+------+  +-------+-------+-------+------+
>           11-3: A-C degraded               11-4: A-B & A-C degraded
>
> Alex thanking the participants.
>
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