[Txauth] Support of FIDO and data minimization by RSs

[Denis <[e-mail]>]

**This is a new thread: a proposal for a RS authorization algorithmand a 
way to support FIDO by RSs

In order to support the privacy principle of "data minimization" by RSs, 
only the attributes that are strictly necessary to perform
an operation requested by a client should be requested by the RS.

When a client wants to authenticate, it will usually be informed by the 
RS on how to do it (see more details about two exceptions at the end of 
this email).
Which conditions are needed to perform other operations will only be 
disclosed to authenticated users at the time they are willing to perform 
an operation.

Two categories of operations will be considered: authentication 
operations and other operations.

For the "authentication" operation, two cases will be supported:

-FIDO U2F or

-one or more attributes from one or more ASs.

In the second case, an access will be granted by a RS based on an 
mathematical expression which is formed using some combination of ANDand 
ORconditions.

Examples of combinations:

    /Condition 1/AND/Condition 2
    Condition 1/OR /Condition 2/
    (/Condition 1/AND/Condition 2)/OR/Condition 3
    (Condition 1/OR /Condition 2)/AND/Condition 3/

The following notation is being used for /a Condition /:

/Condition x/= { AS identifier + set of attributes types + optional 
scope identifier }

The presence of the /optional/ scope identifier allows to provide a 
backward compatibility with ASs from the OAuth 2.0. world:
the optional scope identifier is only present when a bilateral 
relationship has been established between a RS and an AS prior
to any access (/and will continue to be maintained/) using 
"out-of-bands" means.

Each RS internally constructs an /authorization table/ with the 
following content:

1°For the "authentication" operation : either FIDO U2For a mathematical 
expression using conditions;

2°For any other operation : a mathematical expression using conditions.

An example is used to explain the concepts.

"Operation(s)/ Mathematical expression" pairs managed by the RO of a RS.

*Operation*

	

*Mathematical expression*

Authentication

	

/Condition 1/OR/Condition 2/

Operation A OROperation Z

	

/Condition 3/AND/Condition 4/

Conditions table:

Condition 1

	

FIDO U2F 1.2

	

-

	

-

Condition 2

	

AS 1

	

set 1 of attributes types

	

Condition 3

	

AS 4

	

set 2 of attributes types

	

scope identifier : 21

Condition 4

	

AS 9

	

set 3 of attributes types

	

-

Given the operation selected by the client, the RS returns the 
appropriate mathematical expression and only the associated conditions
used in that mathematical expression. The user may then decide whether 
the set of attributes types which are indicated for a given AS
are appropriate to him or not and then select that AS if it has a 
relationship with it.

In this example, one mathematical expression for the combination of 
conditions using AND and OR operators is "/Condition 3/OR/Condition 4",//
which means that///some types of attributes from AS 4 AND some other 
types of attributes from AS 9 are both needed by RSx to perform on RSx
either the Operation A or the Operation Z.

In this example, RS 1 and AS 4 have established a bilateral relationship 
(and have agreed to define and use scope identifiers)
whereas RS 1 and AS 9 have not established any bilateral relationship 
prior to the exchange.

The user makes up his mind whether the attributes requested by AS 1 and 
AS 9 are reasonable and if so, requests two access tokens:
one to AS 4 and another one to AS 9.

For AS 4, the client shall use the scope identifier with the value 21.
For AS 9, the client shall use the set 3 of attributes types indicated 
in the Condition 4.

In order to save one exchange, a RS could publicly publish how its 
clients can authenticate.
However,  it is also possible to consider no guidance at all: in such a 
case, using "out-of-bands" means, the clients should know how to 
authenticate.

Denis