[urn] Re: [Uri-review] Re: Re: Re: Re: [EXTERNAL] Re: Request to register the glue URI scheme

[Michael Jones <[e-mail]>]

Thank you, Brent, for assembling this list that shows the enormity and infeasibility of the task of getting individual authorities to make their own URN or URI registrations.  I agree that that this illustrates the practical value of the GLUE approach.

And to Chris, as I wrote on June 14th, we’d be glad to remove GS1 from the GLUE specification when we publish a next draft.  Once GS1 has completed its own registration, there’s no need for another URI representation of GS1 identifiers.  I wish you timely success with that.

                                                                Best wishes,
                                                                -- Mike

From: Brent Zundel <[e-mail]>
Sent: Friday, July 10, 2026 8:56 AM
To: Chris Day <[e-mail]>
Cc: Dale R. Worley <[e-mail]>; Chris Day <chris.day=[e-mail]>; lars.svensson=[e-mail]; Peter Saint-Andre <[e-mail]>; Pamela Dingle <[e-mail]>; Roy T. Fielding <[e-mail]>; Ted Hardie <[e-mail]>; [e-mail]; [e-mail]; The IESG <[e-mail]>; [e-mail]; [e-mail]; Chris Inacio <[e-mail]>; Anish Karmarkar <[e-mail]>; Apoorav Trehan <[e-mail]>; Babak Jahromi (CELA) <[e-mail]>
Subject: Re: [Uri-review] Re: [urn] Re: Re: Re: [EXTERNAL] Re: Request to register the glue URI scheme

Chris,

Thank you for clarifying.

My goal in sharing the list was to illustrate how large the set of business identifier authorities is, and consequently, how impractical it would be to attempt to pursue a strategy of trying to persuade every business identifier authority to register a URN.

My argument is that every business authority identifier registering its own URN is not a valid answer to the problem we're trying to address with GLUE.

Brent


On Fri, Jul 10, 2026 at 9:06 AM Chris Day <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>> wrote:
Hi Brent –

It was in the context you set when presenting the list

“In response to those who suggest that it is practical to contact each business Identifier authority and persuade them each to register their own URN scheme, I present the following data set.
”



Chris Day
Technical Business Analyst
AI & Data Sustainability
GS1 Global Office
T [phone]
M [phone]
E [e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>
www.gs1.org<http://www.gs1.org/>

[cid:image001.png@01DD105E.F5665EC0]<https://outlook.office.com/bookwithme/user/[e-mail]?anonymous&ep=signature&ismsaljsauthenabled>
Book time to meet with me<https://outlook.office.com/bookwithme/user/[e-mail]?anonymous&ep=signature&ismsaljsauthenabled>


From: Brent Zundel <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>
Sent: 10 July 2026 15:45
To: Chris Day <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>
Cc: Dale R. Worley <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; Chris Day <chris.day=[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; lars.svensson=[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>; Peter Saint-Andre <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; Pamela Dingle <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; Roy T. Fielding <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; Ted Hardie <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; [e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>; [e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>; The IESG <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; [e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>; [e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>; Chris Inacio <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; Anish Karmarkar <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; Apoorav Trehan <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; Babak Jahromi (CELA) <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>
Subject: Re: [Uri-review] Re: [urn] Re: Re: Re: [EXTERNAL] Re: Request to register the glue URI scheme

Chris,

Thank you for your concern. To my understanding, I am allowed to include GLEIF and GS1 in lists of business identifier authorities.
Unless it is your contention that GLEIF and GS1 are not in fact business identifier authorities, I'm not sure what your issue is in this case.

On Fri, Jul 10, 2026 at 8:12 AM Chris Day <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>> wrote:
Hi Brent –

I suspect you’ll have the same concerns raised by each Business Authority.

Please remove GS1 from your list as we are going through the process. I suspect Karla @ the GLEI will be following suit.

Several of the companies you mention have business models for the bulk use of their identifiers and legalise around the usage. I’m sure you’ll factor this in when you make contact.



Chris Day
Technical Business Analyst
AI & Data Sustainability
GS1 Global Office
T [phone]
M [phone]
E [e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>
www.gs1.org<http://www.gs1.org/>

[cid:image001.png@01DD105E.F5665EC0]<https://outlook.office.com/bookwithme/user/[e-mail]?anonymous&ep=signature&ismsaljsauthenabled>
Book time to meet with me<https://outlook.office.com/bookwithme/user/[e-mail]?anonymous&ep=signature&ismsaljsauthenabled>




From: Brent Zundel <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>
Sent: 10 July 2026 05:09
To: Dale R. Worley <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>
Cc: Chris Day <chris.day=[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; lars.svensson=[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>; Peter Saint-Andre <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; Pamela Dingle <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; Roy T. Fielding <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; Ted Hardie <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; [e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>; [e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>; The IESG <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; [e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>; [e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>; Chris Inacio <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; Anish Karmarkar <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; Apoorav Trehan <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>; Babak Jahromi (CELA) <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>>
Subject: [Uri-review] Re: [urn] Re: Re: Re: [EXTERNAL] Re: Request to register the glue URI scheme

You don't often get email from [e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>. Learn why this is important<https://aka.ms/LearnAboutSenderIdentification>
In response to those who suggest that it is practical to contact each business Identifier authority and persuade them each to register their own URN scheme, I present the following data set.


Business Identifier Authorities

#

Authority

Area where it operates

Identifier(s) / description link

1

Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF)

Global

Legal Entity Identifier (LEI), a 20-character code for legal entities. (Home – GLEIF<https://www.gleif.org/en/about-lei/introducing-the-legal-entity-identifier-lei?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

2

GS1

Global

Global Location Number (GLN) for legal entities, functions, physical/digital locations. (GS1<https://www.gs1.org/standards/id-keys/gln/legal-entity?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

3

Dun & Bradstreet

Global

D-U-N-S Number, a unique nine-digit business identifier. (Dun & Bradstreet<https://www.dnb.com/en-us/smb/duns/get-a-duns.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

4

Internal Revenue Service (IRS)

United States

Employer Identification Number (EIN). (IRS<https://www.irs.gov/businesses/employer-identification-number?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

5

U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

United States

Central Index Key (CIK) assigned to SEC filing entities and individuals. (SEC<https://www.sec.gov/submit-filings/filer-support-resources/how-do-i-guides/look-central-index-key-cik-number?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

6

SAM.gov / U.S. General Services Administration

United States federal procurement

Unique Entity ID, a 12-character identifier for entities doing business with the U.S. government. (SAM.gov<https://sam.gov/content/status-tracker?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

7

Delaware Division of Corporations

Delaware, United States

Delaware entity file number / business entity registration records. (Division of Corporations<https://icis.corp.delaware.gov/ecorp/entitysearch/namesearch.aspx?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

8

California Secretary of State

California, United States

California entity number / business entity ID assigned at registration. (California Secretary of State<https://www.sos.ca.gov/business-programs/business-entities/cbs-field-status-definitions?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

9

Canada Revenue Agency (CRA)

Canada

Business Number (BN), a unique nine-digit business identifier. (Canada<https://www.canada.ca/en/revenue-agency/services/tax/businesses/topics/business-registration/business-number-program-account.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

10

Registraire des entreprises du Québec

Québec, Canada

Québec Enterprise Number (NEQ). (Gouvernement du Québec<https://www.quebec.ca/en/businesses-and-self-employed-workers/start-entreprise/register-constitute-enterprise/learn-about-registration/quebec-enterprise-number-neq?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

11

Ontario Business Registry / ServiceOntario

Ontario, Canada

Ontario Business Identification Number (BIN). (ontario.ca<https://www.ontario.ca/page/business/start/register-your-business-online?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

12

Servicio de Administración Tributaria (SAT)

Mexico

Registro Federal de Contribuyentes (RFC) for legal persons. (SAT<https://www.sat.gob.mx/portal/public/tramites/inscripcion-al-rfc-pm?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

13

Receita Federal do Brasil

Brazil

Cadastro Nacional da Pessoa Jurídica (CNPJ). (Serviços e Informações do Brasil<https://www.gov.br/pt-br/servicos/inscrever-ou-atualizar-cadastro-nacional-de-pessoas-juridicas?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

14

ARCA / AFIP

Argentina

Clave Única de Identificación Tributaria (CUIT). (AFIP<https://www.afip.gob.ar/inscripcion/cuit-cdi/solicitud-cuit.asp?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

15

Servicio de Impuestos Internos (SII)

Chile

Rol Único Tributario (RUT). (SII<https://www.sii.cl/contribuyentes/contribuyentes_individuales/chilenos_extranjero/rol_unico_tributario.htm?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

16

SUNAT

Peru

Registro Único de Contribuyentes (RUC), an 11-digit taxpayer identifier. (Renta 2019<https://emprender.sunat.gob.pe/ruc/mi-ruc/inscripcion-ruc?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

17

DIAN

Colombia

Registro Único Tributario (RUT) / Número de Identificación Tributaria (NIT). (DIAN<https://www.dian.gov.co/impuestos/RUT/Paginas/Consultas-RUT.aspx?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

18

Servicio de Rentas Internas (SRI)

Ecuador

Registro Único de Contribuyentes (RUC). (Sri Ecuador<https://www.sri.gob.ec/ruc-personas-naturales?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

19

Dirección Nacional de Ingresos Tributarios (DNIT/SET)

Paraguay

Registro Único de Contribuyentes (RUC). (set.gov.py<https://www.set.gov.py/web/portal-institucional/registro-%C3%BAnico-de-contribuyentes-ruc-?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

20

Dirección General de Impuestos Internos (DGII)

Dominican Republic

Registro Nacional de Contribuyentes (RNC). (DGII<https://dgii.gov.do/cicloContribuyente/registroRNC/Paginas/default.aspx?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

21

Superintendencia de Administración Tributaria (SAT)

Guatemala

Número de Identificación Tributaria (NIT). (Portal SAT<https://portal.sat.gob.gt/portal/solicitud-electronica-de-nit/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

22

Companies House

United Kingdom

Company number / Companies House registration number. (Find and Update Company Information<https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company-lookup/search?forward=%2Fauth-code-requests%2Fcompany%2F%7BcompanyNumber%7D%2Fconfirm&utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

23

INSEE

France

SIREN and SIRET identifiers for entities and establishments. (Insee<https://www.insee.fr/en/metadonnees/source/serie/s1020?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

24

Kamer van Koophandel (KVK)

Netherlands

KVK number in the Dutch Business Register. (KVK<https://www.kvk.nl/en/search/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

25

FPS Economy / Crossroads Bank for Enterprises (CBE/KBO)

Belgium

Enterprise number and establishment-unit number. (FPS Economy<https://economie.fgov.be/en/themes/enterprises/crossroads-bank-enterprises/registration-crossroads-bank?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

26

Danish Business Authority / Central Business Register (CVR)

Denmark

CVR number. (businessindenmark.virk.dk<https://businessindenmark.virk.dk/authorities/stat/ERST/self-service/Start_company/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

27

Brønnøysund Register Centre

Norway

Organisation number for legal persons. (Brønnøysundregistrene<https://www.brreg.no/en/about-us-2/our-registers/about-the-central-coordinating-register-for-legal-entities-ccr/about-the-organisation-number/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

28

Bolagsverket

Sweden

Organisationsnummer for companies and associations. (bolagsverket.se<https://bolagsverket.se/foretag/organisationsnummer.1207.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

29

Finnish Business Information System (PRH + Tax Administration)

Finland

Business ID / Y-tunnus. (YTJ<https://www.ytj.fi/en/index/businessid.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

30

e-Business Register

Estonia

Registry code for legal entities. (e-Äriregister<https://ariregister.rik.ee/eng?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

31

Centre of Registers

Lithuania

Legal entity code in the Register of Legal Entities. (Registrų Centras<https://www.registrucentras.lt/jar/p_en/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

32

Companies Registration Office (CRO)

Ireland

CRO register number. (CRO<https://cro.ie/services-and-help/using-services/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

33

Unternehmensregister / Handelsregister

Germany

Company-register records and register numbers. (Unternehmensregister<https://www.unternehmensregister.de/de/howto/search?language=en&submitaction=language&utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

34

Firmenbuch

Austria

Firmenbuchnummer / company register number. (Business Service Portal<https://www.usp.gv.at/themen/betrieb-und-umwelt/laufender-betrieb/firmenbuch.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

35

Swiss Federal Statistical Office (FSO) / UID Register

Switzerland

UID, formatted as CHE plus nine digits. (Federal Office of Civil Aviation<https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/en/home/registers/enterprise-register/enterprise-identification/uid-general.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

36

Registro Imprese / Italian Chambers of Commerce

Italy

Codice fiscale, Partita IVA, and REA number in business-register records. (registroimprese<https://www.registroimprese.it/codice-fiscale-p.iva-rea?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

37

Agencia Tributaria

Spain

Número de Identificación Fiscal (NIF) for legal persons and entities. (Agencia Tributaria<https://sede.agenciatributaria.gob.es/Sede/en_gb/censos-nif-domicilio-fiscal/solicitar-nif/nif-persona-juridica-entidad.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

38

IRN / Registo Nacional de Pessoas Coletivas (RNPC)

Portugal

NIPC, the legal-person identification number. (IRN<https://irn.justica.gov.pt/Servicos/Empresas-e-outras-pessoas-coletivas/Registo-Nacional-de-Pessoas-Coletivas?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

39

Ministry of Justice / National Court Register (KRS)

Poland

KRS number for registered entities. (Ekrs<https://ekrs.ms.gov.pl/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

40

ARES / Czech public administration

Czechia

IČO, the Czech organization identification number. (ARES<https://ares.gov.cz/otevrena-data/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

41

Statistical Office / Business Register

Slovakia

IČO, the organization identification number. (Slovak Statistics<https://slovak.statistics.sk/wps/portal/ext/services/services.ico/%21ut/p/z0/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfIjo8ziw3wCLJycDB0N3M1DDA08_fyCQ8MsAo093Mz0g1Pz9AuyHRUBcQFCAQ%21%21/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

42

National Trade Register Office (ONRC)

Romania

Trade-register order number and unique registration code. (Onrc<https://www.onrc.ro/index.php/en/informatii-2/informatii-rc?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

43

AJPES

Slovenia

Registration number for each business entity in the Slovenian Business Register. (AJPES<https://www.ajpes.si/About_AJPES/Tasks?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

44

Australian Business Register (ABR)

Australia

Australian Business Number (ABN), an 11-digit identifier. (Australian Business Register<https://www.abr.gov.au/business-super-funds-charities/applying-abn?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

45

Australian Securities & Investments Commission (ASIC)

Australia

Australian Company Number (ACN), a unique nine-digit company identifier. (ASIC<https://www.asic.gov.au/for-business-and-companies/companies/register-a-company/australian-company-number-acn/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

46

New Zealand Business Number Register

New Zealand

NZBN, a globally unique identifier for New Zealand businesses. (New Zealand Business Number<https://www.nzbn.govt.nz/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

47

Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA)

Singapore

Unique Entity Number (UEN). (ACRA<https://www.acra.gov.sg/register/business/registering-different-business-structures/local-company/registering-via-bizfile/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

48

Companies Registry / Inland Revenue Department

Hong Kong

Business Registration Number (BRN) as the Unique Business Identifier. (Companies Registry<https://www.cr.gov.hk/en/electronic/e-servicesportal/e-search.htm?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

49

National Tax Agency

Japan

Corporate Number, a 13-digit identifier. (National Tax Agency Business Number<https://www.houjin-bangou.nta.go.jp/en/setsumei/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

50

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA)

India

Corporate Identity Number (CIN). (Ministry of Corporate Affairs<https://www.mca.gov.in/content/mca/global/en/mca/fo-llp-services/findCinFinalSingleCom.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

51

Goods and Services Tax Network / GST Portal

India

GSTIN / UIN for GST-registered entities. (GST Services<https://services.gst.gov.in/services/quicklinks/searchtxp?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

52

Suruhanjaya Syarikat Malaysia (SSM)

Malaysia

Company, business, and LLP registration numbers. (SSM<https://www.ssm.com.my/Pages/e-Search.aspx?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

53

Online Single Submission (OSS)

Indonesia

Nomor Induk Berusaha (NIB), the Business Identification Number. (OSS RBA<https://oss.go.id/en?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

54

Ministry of Commerce

Saudi Arabia

Commercial Registration number / commercial-registration records. (Ministry of Commerce<https://mc.gov.sa/en/eservices/Pages/ServiceDetails.aspx?sID=38&utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

55

Companies and Intellectual Property Commission (CIPC)

South Africa

Company registration number. (CIPC<https://www.cipc.co.za/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

56

Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC)

Nigeria

RC number / company registration records. (Corporate Affairs Commission<https://www.cac.gov.ng/services/company-search?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

57

Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA)

Kenya

Personal Identification Number (PIN) for businesses and other organizations. (Kenya Revenue Authority<https://www.kra.go.ke/individual/individual-pin-registration/learn-about-pin/about-pin?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

58

Ghana Revenue Authority (GRA)

Ghana

Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) for organizations. (Ghana Revenue Authority<https://gra.gov.gh/online-tools/verify-tin/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

59

Corporate and Business Registration Department

Mauritius

Business Registration Number (BRN). (Companies Mauritius<https://companies.govmu.org/cbrd/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/BusinessRegistrationAct2002.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

60

Direction Générale des Impôts / business identifier services

Morocco

ICE, IF, and RC business identifiers. (Tax Administration Morocco<https://www.tax.gov.ma/wps/portal/m.dgi.ma/Mobile/Accueil/VosTeleservices/recherche%20entreprise/recherche%20%20entreprise/%21ut/p/z1/rVLLboMwEPyV9JCjtQ5QAkfCoc2rh7Y04EvFYwG3YIixSPv3NcqFQwOqVEuW7NHsY3YHGITARNzzIla8EXGl_xGz323X81fmnh5osDep5662u4fD02ZjUzhNEnwT2HT8GzBgqVCtKiGqm4RXSLKCL-n1vaR90y0UVtih7HmK3ZJKTEuU-i5QKImt5B2O0RE8JG9TnkFkoWM4lpkTwzYzYhkxksRxXWKklmXRxF4n-Xpgd2pGku55kERvHG9uJFtjbiTX-IkCs_FskjJ0MKdhOoNea6SbXN8kBPdw6jleIBCNrLWPXv64iUcKuzmd2pv843xmnjZQIxR-KQj_30G6iiGP_rHQ_ceqJFzkDYS_ZRijY7itg9oxxTfn5PPZubzmZdUfPO_uB-JqEnk%21/dz/d5/L2dBISEvZ0FBIS9nQSEh/?utm_source=chatgpt.com>)

These are not all the same kind of identifier: some are tax IDs, some are company-register numbers, some are procurement IDs, and some are global standards/private-sector identifiers. But each row is a real authority or issuer with a public identifier description or lookup/registration page.




On Thu, Jul 9, 2026, 10:13 AM Dale R. Worley <[e-mail]<mailto:[e-mail]>> wrote:
I'm not a URI reviewer but I ran into a half-baked idea that is somewhat
aligned with the concept of GLUE.  Let me propose it to get some
feedback.

What is needed is a way to record inexact, non-authoritative, indicative
identifiers.  These identifiers, being inexact, generally aren't used
for routine data processing, but rather in exceptional situations where
a human wants to investigate the supply chain of a group of things.

There's a requirement that the URI can be put into a data field that
"expects a URI", so it has to not be confusable with defined identifier
schemes.

It seems to me that this can be solved by the "data" URI scheme, which
is designed to carry arbitrary (short) strings.  In its simplest usage,
we can carry the identifier "ship 27" by

    data:,ship%2027

(The comma is mandatory.)

Various extensions can handle non-ASCII character sets.  And as you can
see, if there was a URN available for the data field, it can be used
unambiguously instead of the data: URI.

I can easily envision that informal conventions would arise, such as
starting the string with a prefix like "foobar:" to indicate that the
remainder of the string was a "foobar" identifier.

In use, currently these identifiers would be read and interpreted by a
human, within the context of much more information about the product
that it is associated with.  But I can envision that in the future, an
AI system could do a decent job of doing such interpretation.

Dale

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CONFIDENTIALITY / DISCLAIMER: The contents of this e-mail are confidential and are not to be regarded as a contractual offer or acceptance from GS1 (registered in Belgium). If you are not the addressee, or if this has been copied or sent to you in error, you must not use data herein for any purpose, you must delete it, and should inform the sender. GS1 disclaims liability for accuracy or completeness, and opinions expressed are those of the author alone. GS1 may monitor communications. Third party rights acknowledged. (c) 2025.
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