Re: [p2pi] ALTO Information Export Service

[stefano previdi <[e-mail]>]

> From: Laird Popkin <[e-mail]>
> 
> Keep in mind that ASNs are just an option in ALTO (as we're discussing it so
> far), so even if the P2P network uses a public IP to ASN mapping database, the
> ISP can provide their own IP prefix guidance without referencing ASNs if they
> care to.

I agree.

However, I also believe on the usefulness BGP can deliver in ranking
preferences. The point to keep in mind is that BGP is location-dependent in
terms of computation (which may not be the case for other routing
protocols).

s.
 
> - Laird Popkin, CTO, Pando Networks
>   mobile: [phone]
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "stefano previdi" <[e-mail]>
> To: "Richard Woundy" <[e-mail]>, "John Leslie"
> <[e-mail]>, "Stanislav Shalunov" <[e-mail]>
> Cc: [e-mail]
> Sent: Wednesday, October 29, 2008 9:55:04 AM (GMT-0500) America/New_York
> Subject: Re: [p2pi] ALTO Information Export Service
> 
>> From: "Woundy, Richard" <[e-mail]>
>> 
>>> The routing view which actually matters is the view of the ISP router
>>> which dispatches the particular packet at a peering point. Thus, IMHO,
>>> the ISP should usually be the provider of the mapping of IPs to ASNs.
>> 
>> Before this email, my opinion was that if an ISP wanted to include
>> ASN(s) in the policy to be returned by the ALTO service, then the ISP
>> should also supply the IP prefix to ASN mappings, so that the combined
>> ALTO service guidance came from a consistent information source (the
>> ISP). But I didn't have a strong opinion against using a looking glass
>> server instead for the IP-to-ASN mappings.
>> 
>> If I understood John correctly, the looking glass server's view of
>> IP-to-ASN mappings may depend on the server's location in the Internet
>> topology, and that view may not be equivalent to the view of the ISP
>> providing the ALTO service.
> 
> that is right. BGP is a path vector protocol which means that the visibility
> any router gets from its BGP peers, correspond to the selection mechanisms
> those peers have done (vector-based protocols: first select best route, then
> advertise best route).
> 
> This is valid for any looking glass server as well as for any ALTO server,
> which implies that any preference scheme may vary according to each SP
> location/pop where it is computed.
> 
> s.
> 
>> Here is one example: Within one ISP's backbone, there may be a set of
>> specific IPv4 prefixes coming from many origin AS's. Within another
>> ISP's backbone, these specific prefixes may have been replaced (and
>> subsumed) by a single aggregate prefix with a different origin AS (e.g.
>> the first backbone). Therefore, the looking glass servers for the first
>> and second backbones would differ on the correct origin AS with respect
>> to this aggregated prefix.
>> 
>> Here is a relevant RIPE presentation (from 2003) in which they faced
>> similar problems with reporting ASNs in traceroutes:
>> http://www.ripe.net/ripe/meetings/ripe-46/presentations/ripe46-tt-as-tra
>> ceroutes.pdf. In the scenario of the RIPE presentation, the route
>> information in the Internet Routing Registries and in the global BGP
>> routes were often at odds with one another; slides 8, 10, and 11
>> describe some interesting cases that relate to this discussion about
>> looking glasses.
>> 
>> John, in short, I think you make a very good point.
>> 
>> -- Rich
>> 
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: [e-mail] [mailto:[e-mail]] On Behalf Of
>> John Leslie
>> Sent: Tuesday, October 28, 2008 1:23 PM
>> To: Stanislav Shalunov
>> Cc: [e-mail]
>> Subject: Re: [p2pi] ALTO Information Export Service
>> 
>> Stanislav Shalunov <[e-mail]> wrote:
>>> 
>>> We put together a first iteration of a very simple ALTO solution
>>> draft.  We hope this will be useful as an example point in the
>>> solutions space and thus allow to refine the requirements document and
>> 
>>> the problem statement.
>>> 
>>> 
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-shalunov-alto-infoexport-00.tx
>> t
>> ] ...
>> ] 7.  Mapping IPs to ASNs
>> 
>>    I expect ISPs will sometimes mean different things by "preferring"
>> ASNs. (This is a pretty generic problem with ASNs in ALTO.)
>> 
>>    ISPs generally peer with a limited number of ASNs, and reach IPs
>> "owned" by other ASNs through routes from the ASNs they directly peer
>> with.
>> 
>>    What actually causes an ISP to "prefer" a set of IPs is knowing that
>> they will use a route to them through a particular AS they peer with.
>> This is _not_ the same as which AS "owns" the IP in question. (Nor is
>> "owned by an AS" necessarily a meaningful statement for a CIDR block.)
>> 
>>    BGP looking-glass views show which ASNs "originate" routes to a
>> CIDR block. It is not particularly unusual to find more than one AS
>> "originating" such a route. Thus, looking-glass results cannot assure
>> that the route a packet will actually follow to reach an IP address
>> _ever_ passes through a particular AS.
>> 
>>    Looking-glass views _will_ generally show "holes" punched in CIDR
>> blocks "owned" by one AS for the purpose of balancing traffic to a
>> multihomed customer of that AS (even though it may be that _none_ of
>> the traffic will actually pass through the "owner" AS). But looking-
>> glass views tend to contain routes that are never seen by routers
>> not "near the backbone".
>> 
>>    The routing view which actually matters is the view of the ISP
>> router which dispatches the particular packet at a peering point.
>> Thus, IMHO, the ISP should usually be the provider of the mapping of
>> IPs to ASNs.
>> 
>>    (This mapping may change several times per second when routes
>> "flap", but that's a balancing act the ISP is best able to attempt.)
>> 
>>    In any case, if ALTO provides ASN "preferences" at all we should
>> provide a mechanism for the ISP to perform mapping of IP to ASN.
>> (IMHO, at least...)
>> 
>> --
>> John Leslie <[e-mail]>
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